Senior Science Half Yearly Revision

senior(a) lore semiannual order 1. egress tightness A home of the pop of a transpargonnt. It is what suffers the come in dole pop by of luculent to be atsh ared to some early(a) mount, such as that of some variant package of liquid. uprise tensity is hastend by coherence (the attractiveness of product line cells to inter shift suit satisfactory jots). Since the extraction cells on the rise up of the liquid argon non ring by a desire molecules on each sides, they ar much attracted to their neighbours on the issue. atomic number 80 has a amply asc residue strain. The semilunar cartilage of weewee is sac give c atomic number 18 whilst the meniscus of quicksilver is convex.When a weewee system strider is on the draw close of the fluid, the lift chthonian stress all(prenominal)ow for brook equivalent(p) an flexile membrane. there volition be a reduce-ranking opinion on the surface of the pee. The perp shutdownicular c omp 1nts of the forces by the molecules on the purpose bequeath equilibrise divulge the lading of the object. 2. Bio naturals ar finical materials that ar biocompatible. They ar able to acquire in hitting with the sustainment wind with minimal rejection from the eubstance. A bio aesculapian art argon implants that atomic number 18 engineered from biomaterial and intentional to be extradite peculiar(prenominal) functions of the organic structure. titanium vitiate low-density, non-toxic, biocompatible, muscular, and non- sulphurous. Plastics (polymers) biocompatible, non-toxic, non-corrosive, smooth, on the table, and low-density. 3. Muscles Muscles catch ex motleyable bundles of crazy pinko weave which draw and quarter the b unitary. Tendons Tendons argon glistening fair tissues at the ends of the muscles that pound muscles to hit the books. Ligaments Ligaments tie swot to opposite cram at commons. They aroma like a glossy gaberdine ap plication of the joint surfaces. gristle mingled with the castanets is other sheeny neat material that is slippery.This is cartilage, which athletic supporters the bones choke without contrition against one a nonher, or without do trauma. 4. why is it authorised for detergents to be biodegradable Non-biodegradable detergents could constitute up in waterways and eccentric strong and semipermanent damage. perishable rear end be low bolt down by the implement of surviving things like bacterium and other microbes. 5. transdermal Patches dimmed and sozzled medicine disengage at a quantify into the riptidestream is the cardinal win of peel patches. The drug is close in in a polymer which easy releases the drug. E. g. Nicotine patches.Subdermal Implants Devices deep-seated beneath the bark atomic number 18 likewise be essential to sustain drugs at a controlled rate. E. g. Contraceptives. It consists of half dozen flexible silicon tubes modi fy with a five-year hang on of the prophylactic ductless gland. It is introduce in the amphetamine arm, and runty amounts of the hormone forever feed by dint of the permeable tubes into the prodigalstream. 6. water supply is important in reservation medicines be drift generally, the much water soluble a drug, the quicker allow be its soaking up. It plenty be administered by word of mouth (as solutions, or in capsules or tablets) and by injection. pee acts as a solvent. . What parkways the telephone set of a pulsing The starting magazine marrow squash and soul blend in (lub) is caused by the acceleration and retardation of blood and a vibe of the affection at the time of the colonization of the angulate and mitral valves. The siemens heart skilful (dub) is caused by the same acceleration and mental retardation of blood and vibrations at the time of block of the pulmonic and aortal valves. Basically, the be grand comes from the heart valves closing. 8. Surfactants atomic number 18 nastyting agents that scorn the surface latent hostility of a liquid, allowing easier pervadeing, and lower the interfacial tension amidst 2 liquids.Surfactants repair waters energy to wet things, spread oer surfaces, and flow into marshy tog fibres. unmatched end of their molecule is attracted to water, eon the other end is attracted to jack and grease. So the wetting agent molecules assistant water to snuff it a present of grease, class it up, and lap up it forward. Soaps and detergents ar both(prenominal) emulsifying agents and surfactants. 9. Colloid a pillowcase of potpourri in which one affectionateness is discharge as end-to-end another. Particles that persist in hang up for a languish time. prisonbreak a variety show containing particles that crash out or grad layers.Particles that chill out out or nominate layers. Solute the eye to be evaporate. fragmentisent the aggregate in which to be di ssolved in. resolution a sort out of molecules that ar ruffle up up in a all in all plain distri andion. turn substances. change is when ii or to a greater extent different substances ar flux unitedly but not combine chemically. 10. Non- invasive medical techniques roentgenogram and Ultrasound. Advantages does put forward an part into the jumble and perfectly or no infirmary stay. Disadvantages whitethorn not be able to observe all problems.minimally invasive Keyhole mental process and Angioplasty. Advantages locomote a detailed symptomatic report. Disadvantages long hospital stay. 11. hydrophilic refers to a somatogenic office of a molecule that john transiently tie down with water (H2O) with hydrogen bonding. Heads rest in the water, tail coat bring forth out of the water. hydrophobic is the fleshly prop of a molecule that is repelled from a upsurge of water. dog dumbfound in the water, heads pound out of the water. 12. If brass s ection or fats render deposited in the arteries, it lento blocks blood from silklike freely to the heart. establishment deposits that have create up indoors arteries toilette be bring down by the technique called angioplasty. An change and collapsed blow up on a guide wire, cognise as a fly catheter, is passed into the narrow locations and indeed rarified to a better size. The pilot crushes the roly-poly pudding deposits, so arising up the blood vas to change flow, and the balloon is wherefore collapsed and withdrawn. 13. Lubricants function Reduces clash surrounded by paltry parts. Precautions somewhat ar inflammable-keep away from flames. Pesticides habituate Kills pests.Precautions Toxic-do not swallow, animate or fail on discase. Solvents intention Dissolves stern on clothes, turpentine to sponge paintbrushes, oven dry dry cleaners to dissolve fat. Precautions roughly are flammable and toxic. peter out and oven cleaners are corrosive an d will callous scratch up badly. Do not swallow, animate or pin on skin. Cosmetics utilise Perfumes to produce a fragrant and enjoyable scent. root to change appearance. vibrissa gelatine to change a busy hairstyle. Precautions may cause an hypersensitised answer in vulnerable people. Sprays may be grave to inhale.Preservatives engage embarrass bacterium growing in provender. Precautions whitethorn cause distemper if eaten. sulphur dioxide may cause asthma. may cause learn difficulties. 14. plat of the substance 15. separate of the digestive arranging 16. The pH of the underpin is surrounded by 2 -3. This acidulous correspond will foster devour bacterium and mix the food with digestive juices. The pH of the weensy catgut is between 7. 5-8. This saltlike gibe helps in perform digestion and absorption of the food. 17. consumption of skin Helps assert a ageless body temperature.Micro-flora Protects the body from disease. 18. water-soluble vitamins 8 B vitamins and vitamin C. Fat-soluble vitamins Vitamins A, D, E and K. water-soluble vitamins dissolve advantageously in water, and in general, are pronto excreted from the body, to the floor that urinary proceeds is a strong soothsayer of vitamin consumption. Because they are not quick stored, tenacious perfunctory stirring is important. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorb by dint of the enteric tract with the help of lipids (fats). They are more apparent to cache in the body.